You may often not listen to endometrium cancer, but it is the most common gynecological cancer that affects women and people who have been assigned to women at birth (AFB) in the USA. This type of uterine cancer, which is cancer of the uterine mucosa, causes symptoms in early stages – the most common of vaginal bleeding. Since it has symptoms, endometrium cancer is often found early when it is easier to treat.
While endometrium cancer is very curable in early stages, there are health differences. The deaths of uterine cancer increase for everyone, but even more for black women. In fact, black women not only suffer endometrium cancer, but they also die from it.
Read: Why do black women die from endometrium cancer more often? >>
Find out more about endometrium cancer, WHO, which is at risk and which treatment options are available.
What is endometrium cancer?
The uterus consists of different tissue layers. The inner lining or the endometrium is the layer that lines the uterus and is shed during its period. Endometrium cancer grows in this lining and is the most common type of uterine cancer.
Nobody knows exactly why some people suffer endometrium cancer, but the researchers believe that this has to do with hormones – especially with estrogen. Ostrogen stimulates the uterine letters to thicken during the menstrual cycle to prepare for a potential pregnancy. An overgrowth of this lining could lead to cancer.
You can have different types of endometrium cancer. This includes:
- Adenocarcinoma, the most common type
- Uterine carcinosarcoma
- Squamous carcinoma
- Small cell carcinoma
- Transitional carcinoma
- Serous carcinoma
Are there any other types of uterine cancer?
Sometimes the term “endometrium cancer” is replaced with “uterine cancer”. This is because endometrium cancer is about 95% of the uterine cancer. Technically speaking, endometrium cancer is a kind of uterine cancer.
Uterussarcoma is the other type of uterine cancer that occurs in myometrium, the muscle wall of the uterus. While endometrium cancer can normally be treated with surgery, the uterine sarcoma is more aggressive and difficult to treat.
What are the stages of endometrium cancer?
Staging helps your health service provider (HCP) know how much cancer is in the body. It also helps you to find out which treatment is suitable for you. There are four levels of endometrium cancer:
- Level 1: The cancer is in the uterus
- Level 2: The cancer is in the uterus, but has also spread to the cervix
- Level 3: Cancer has spread outside of the uterus and can be in the lymph nodes in the pool, but is still in the pelvic area
- Stage 4: The Kreb
Cancer can also be classified with a grade of 1 to 3, with the 3 -degree of the 3 most aggressive, which means that it spreads rather quickly.
What are the risk factors for endometrium cancer?
They are exposed to the risk of receiving endometrium cancer as long as they have a uterus. However, there are some factors that can increase this risk, including:
- Be older than 50 years old, especially if you start the menopause after the age of 50
- Have a higher body weight or cycling between loss and weight gain
- Taking estrogen without progesterone during menopause as a hormone replacement
- Infertility or difficulty to get pregnant
- Get your period earlier than 12 years, especially if you start the menopause even at a later age (since this means that you are exposed to estrogen for a long time)
- Family history of endometrium cancer
- Had certain cancer treatments such as tamoxifen or pelvic beam therapy
What are the symptoms of endometrium cancer?
Endometrium cancer can often be diagnosed in early stages because their symptoms cause people to see their HCP. The most common symptom is vaginal bleeding. This includes bleeding between periods, heavy periods and bleeding after the menopause inlay.
You may also notice symptoms such as:
- Painful sex
- Pelvic or abdominal pain
- Vaginal discharge after menopause
Clock: How endometrium cancer is diagnosed >>
What are the treatments for endometrium cancer?
The treatment of endometrium cancer depends on several factors, including the cancer stage.
Your HCP can refer you to a gynecological oncologist who is a doctor who has advanced training in reproductive types of cancer. You may have more than one type of treatment that can include:
- Operation: The most common treatment of endometrium cancer is an operation that removes the uterus called hysterectomy. It can also include removing the ovaries and fallopian tubes, cervix, part of the vagina or lymph nodes.
- Chemotherapy: Use medication to kill cancer cells or prevent them outside of control.
- Radiation therapy: Used energy -rich X -rays to kill cancer.
- Targeted therapy: Use medication such as monoclonal antibodies to aim and destroy cancer cells.
- Hormone therapy: used in advanced stages of cancer or cancer that have come back. Progesterone or medication, the progesterone, known as progestine, imitate are the most common hormone therapy for endometrium cancer.
If you have unusual vaginal bleeding, don’t hesitate to speak to your HCP. While bleeding does not mean that you have cancer, it is important to work for yourself to find the cause. Endometrium cancer can be found in early stages and is very curable. If cancer is diagnosed, the treatment can begin immediately.
This educational resource was created with the support of Karyopharm.
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